What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a serious mental health condition that affects a person’s mood and energy levels. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of abnormally high (manic) and low (depressive) mood states. The two main types of episodes are:
- Manic Episodes: During a manic episode, a person experiences an abnormally elevated, energetic, or euphoric mood. They may have increased self-confidence, reduced need for sleep, impulsive behavior, rapid thoughts and speech, and engage in risky behaviors. Manic episodes can be marked by excessive optimism and a lack of ability to assess the consequences of one’s actions.
- Depressive Episodes: Depressive episodes are characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, energy loss, sleep problems, difficulty concentrating, feelings of hopelessness, and thoughts of self-harm. These episodes are similar to depression found in other types of mood disorders.
Bipolar disorder can vary in severity, and some people may experience brief periods of normal mood between manic and depressive episodes. There are also different types of bipolar disorder, including type I and type II, depending on the severity of manic episodes and whether depressive episodes also occur.
Treating bipolar disorder?
Treatment for bipolar disorder can include medications, such as mood-stabilizing drugs, therapy, and lifestyle changes. It is important for individuals with bipolar disorder to seek professional help, as it can be a lifelong condition that requires careful management to regulate mood and minimize the risk of relapse.
